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Irrigated Rice Research Consortium

Aiming at a million farmers

The leaf color chart (LCC) is a simple innovation that enables farmers to know when their rice plants need nitrogen (N) fertilizer.  The LCC can boost profits by enhancing yield for the amount of N applied.  The IRRC's had one million farmers using the LCC by the end of 2004.

Feeding rice with nutrients as and when needed is a vital part of the site-specific nutrient management (or SSNM) approach promoted within the IRRC. As part of the SSNM approach, the LCC is being introduced to farmers by field researchers and extension staff of government organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGO), and private sector agencies in different countries. 

The introduction and promotion of the LCC involves the following: 

1. Training of national extension staff and farmers 
Scientists from IRRI and national research partners train selected trainers in each country on the proper use of the LCC. We strive to explain the economic advantages of optimal N fertilizer use, as well as the potential benefits on environmental quality by avoiding excessive N fertilizer use. These national trainers then train local staff and farmers. Farmer meetings, discussion groups, and farmer field schools are used for such training. 

2. Farmer evaluation of the LCC
After training, farmers evaluate the LCC method in their fields by comparing it with their own N management practice. They compare N rates, pest incidence, pesticide use, and grain yields in two plots - their own N management practice versus the LCC method. Once convinced, they continue to use the LCC and recommend it to their neighbors. And convinced they are, as they have found the LCC to be inexpensive, simple, and easy to use. 

Experiences from farmers indicate the LCC:
  • Helps to fertilize crops only when they need N,
  • Increases profit by increasing the yield per unit of applied fertilizer,
  • Reduces fungal disease and crop lodging.

3. Commercialization of LCC 
The LCC is produced and marketed by private companies in different countries. During commercialization, strict maintenance of the LCC color shades is vital for its reliable use by farmers in Asia and elsewhere. The IRRI-produced LCC is used as the standard. A quality certification program is organized to certify the charts produced by various agencies in different countries.

Click image to enlarge:

The extensive network of research and extension partnerships within the IRRC greatly facilitates the goal of reaching a million farmers by the end of 2004. Results to date are very encouraging. Further research and evaluation will monitor changes in farmers' N management beliefs and practices over time. We will increasingly tailor the dissemination of information and promotion of the LCC to local languages and the site-specific needs of rice farmers. 

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